Cultural-Historical Approach to the System of Mass Education in Russia in the First Third of the XX Century: Ethnopsychological Aspect

Objectives. 1. To analyze the socio-political conditions in which pedagogical psychology as a sci¬entific discipline began to develop and educational system USSR at beginning of XX century was formed. 2. consider L.S. Vygotsky’s approach diagnosis mental develop¬ment children different nationalities for subsequent pedagogically correct organization their upbringing educating. Background. The initial stages development education our multinational country formation an independent are closely but am¬biguously linked. There is still underestimation both achievements solving problems that time, misunderstanding role psychologists this work, particular research Vygotsky, whom disrespect culture national minorities, colonization intentions, racist belief attributed foreign scientific press. Method. Analysis situation Russian first third century. Comparative logical-semantic analysis early works his mature works, main provisions cultural-historical were formulated. Conclusions. significance psychological becomes more clearly expressed when ana¬lyzing evaluating it not only scientific, also broad social context. Vygotsky developing approaches on state he actually show need study living ethnic environments. At same himself perceived minorities culturally peculiar, primitive, retarded.